Table 6.
Basic research studies showing the associations between KIR and HLA in CRC patients.
| Reference | Type of Experiment/Objective | Conclusions |
|---|---|---|
| [19] | 109 CRC patients (70 bladder and 34 laryngeal) and 100 controls. HLA and KIR genotyping. | No differences in KIR/HLA frequencies was observed between patients and controls. |
| [20] | 128 CRC patients and 255 controls. KIR and HLA genotyping. | The data showed no significant differences between KIR gene frequencies in CRC patients versus controls. |
| [21] | 241 CRC patients and 159 controls from Korean populations. KIR and HLA-C genotyping | The activating KIR2DS5 was more frequent in Korean CRC patients, showing a risk for the disease. The frequencies of KIR3DL1, KIR2DS2 and KIR2DS4 were lower in the rectal cancer subgroup, and they could have a protective effect against CRC. Also, the lower frequency of KIR2DS2 in patients with HLA-C1 homozygote, may be a protective effect too. |
| [22] | 52 CRC patients and 70 controls from Saudi population. KIR and HLA-C genotyping. | Activating KIRs (2DS1, 2DS2, 2DS3, 2DS5 and 3DS1) was more frequent in CRC patients, suggesting their presence a risk for disease. |
| [23] | 470 CRC patients and 483 controls. KIR genotyping. | The presence of KIR2DS5 was associated with CRC like as a non-protective gene. This result explains the inflammatory basis of this cancer. |
| [24] | 154 CRC patients and 216 controls from Caucasian Brazilian population. KIR and HLA genotyping. | No associations between KIRs and HLA in CRC was observed. However, the Bx haplotype was more frequent in controls than in patients, being a possible mechanism of protection to CRC. |
| [25] | 165 colorectal adenocarcinoma patients and 165 controls. KIR genotyping. | The presence of activating KIRs (≥ 4) and KIR3DL1, 3DS1, 2DS1 and 2DS4, were associated with protection against metastasis in CRC patients. |
| [26] | 29 CRC recurrent patients (in 5 years) vs. 58 CRC non-recurrent patients (in 5 years) after surgery and 154 controls. KIR and HLA-class I genotyping. | The increment of activating KIRs (in particularly 2DS2 and 2DS3) and the lack of inhibitory KIRs (in particularly 2DL1) was associated with long term disease-free survival and this was independent of tumor localization or stage. Also, HLA-A-Bw4 was associated with recurrent disease. |