Figure 1.

Effects of silver NPs, nicotinic acid, and KNO₃ on the morphology of soybean seedlings. Two-day-old soybeans were treated with 5 ppm silver NPs, 8 µM nicotinic acid, 0.1 mM KNO₃, and 5 ppm silver NPs/8 µM nicotinic acid/0.1mM KNO₃. After treatments, root length/weight and hypocotyl length/weight were measured at two days of stress. Data are presented as the mean ± S.D. from three independent biological replicates. Mean values of each data point with different letters are significantly different according to one-way ANOVA Duncan’s Multiple Range test (p < 0.05). Scale bar indicates 1 cm.