Figure 3.

Evaluation of cell death in soybean roots treated with silver NPs/nicotinic acid/ KNO₃ under flooding stress. Two-day-old soybeans were flooded with or without 5 ppm silver NPs/8 µM nicotinic acid /0.1 mM KNO₃. After the treatments, soybean plants were stained with 0.25% Evans blue dye. The Evans blue dye was then extracted from the root tip and absorbance was measured at 600 nm. Data are presented as the mean ± S.D. from three independent biological replicates. Mean values of each data point with different letters are significantly different according to one-way ANOVA Duncan’s Multiple Range test (p < 0.05). Scale bar indicates 1 cm.