| AKT | v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 |
| ALP/Alp | alkaline phosphatase |
| ARS | Alizarin red staining |
| BMSCs | bone marrow stromal cells |
| BMD | bone mineral density |
| BMP | bone morphogenetic protein |
| BV/TV | bone volume to tissue volume (bone volume fraction) |
| CCK-8 | Cell Counting Kit-8 |
| CDK2 | cyclin-dependent kinase 2 |
| CDK12 | cyclin-dependent kinase 12 |
| Ctr | control |
| ColIα1 | collagen type 1 alpha-1 |
| EDTA | ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid |
| Erk | extracellular signal-regulated kinase |
| FAK | focal adhesion kinase |
| FBS | fetal bovine serum |
| FNDC5/Fndc5 | fibronectin type III domain-containing 5 |
| Gapdh/GAPDH | glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase |
| MAP | mitogen-activated protein |
| MAR | mineral apposition rate |
| microCT | micro-computed tomography |
| NC | negative control |
| OD | optical density |
| pAb | Polyclonal antibody |
| PBS | phosphate buffer saline |
| PFA | paraformaldehyde |
| PI3K | phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase |
| r-irisin | recombinant irisin |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| RPM | random position machine |
| SM | simulated microgravity |
| Si-β-cat | β-catenin siRNA |
| Si-NC | siRNA NC |
| Vec | pcDNA3.1 blank vector |
| Wnt | wingless-type MMTV integration site family |
| α-MEM | alpha Modified Eagle’s Medium |
| β-cat | pcDNA3.1-β-catenin plasmid |