Table 1.
A list of relevant population studies and clinical trials carried out with plant polyphenols or polyphenol-enriched foods.
| Name/Number | N° People | Age | Type of Study | Treatment | Pathology | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seven Countries Study | 12,763 | 40–59 | Population, longitudinal | Traditional eating | CVD | [46] |
| Lyon Diet Heart Study | 605 | Recur. | Random. sec. prevent. trial | MD | Myo infarct. | [47] |
| Three-City Study | 9077 | >65 | Multi-center cohort study | Olive oil | Cognition | [48] |
| PREDIMEDNAVARRA | 1877/522 | 74 (mean) | Observational study | MD/oil or nuts | CVD risk/Cognition | [49,50,51,52] |
| PREDIMED | 447 | 55–80 | Dietary-intervention trial | Polyphenol intake | CVD profile/cognition | [51] |
| Spanish people | 4572 | >18 | Cross-sect. popul. Study | Olive/sunflower oil | CVD risk factors | [57] |
| Nurses’ Health Study | 59,930 | 35–65 | Longitud. Associate. study | Olive oil | Risk of T2DM | [58] |
| NHS II | 85,157 | 26–45 | Longitud. Associate. study | Olive oil | Risk of T2DM | [58] |
| Not specified | 25 | unknown | Cross-over study | MD with EVOO | Gluc./LDL chol | [59] |
| EUROLIVE | 200 | various | Randomized crossover trial | EVOO | Ox.stress mark./Chol. | [60,61,62] |
| PREDIMED Study | 7447 | 55–80 | Multicenter trial | MD/EVOO or nuts | CVD risk | [63] |
| Not specified | 20 | various | Double-blinded rand. Cross. | EVOO | Gene express. | [64] |
| Not specified | 20 | various | Randomized crossover | Olive polyphenols | Postprandial infl. | [65] |
| Not specified | 62 | 65–96 | Observational study | EVOO | Antioxidant status | [69] |
| Not specified | 410 | elderly | Random. double-blind trial | Ginkgo extract | Dementia | [68] |
| MedLey | 166 | >65 | Random. control. Int. trial | MD | Cognition decay | [72] |
| ISRCTN35739639 | 447 | 66.9 (mean) | Randomized clinical trial | MD/EVOO or nuts | Cognition | [74] |
| Not specified | 20 | >50 | Random. double-blind clin. trial | 4 g Curcumin | Cognition | [76] |
| Not specified | 36 | aged | Random. double-blind clin. trial | 2/4 g Curcumin | AD | [77] |
| Trials with resveratrol | - | various | 244 clinical trials+ 27 ongoing | Resveratrol | various | [79,80] |
| Rockefeller Univ. Hosp. | 28 | various | Placebo contr. Clinical trial | 1g Resveratrol | MetS, ins. Res. | [81] |
| Not specified | 19 | various | Observational study | Green tea extracts | ATTR cardiomyop. | [83] |
| Not specified | - | various | Various | Ginkgo biloba extracts | Various | [84] |
| SUN Project | 22,786 | various | Prospective Med. cohort study | Polyphenols | Breast cancer | [86] |
| SUN Project | 22,786 | various | Prospective Med. cohort study | Polyphenols | CVD, T2DM, MetS | [97] |
| Not specified | 79 | various | Controlled clinical trial | 500 mg Olive leaf extract | T2DM | [89] |
| Not specified | 46 | 46.4 (mean) | Randomized crossover trial | Olive leaf extract | T2DM | [90] |
| Not specified | 60 | 45 (mean) | Randomized contr. Clin. trial | Olive leaf extract | CVD risk | [91] |
| NCT01479699 | 18 | various | Random., double-blind cross-over | OLE + HT | CVD markers | [92] |
| Not specified | 24 | various | Gene/miRNAs expression | High/low polyph. EVOO | MetS | [93] |
| Not specified | 22 | various | Random. Control. trial | Polyphenol-rich EVOO | Redox/Met. Stat | [94] |