Figure 3.

Schematic diagram representing crosstalk of JA with other plant hormone signaling pathways. Note: Positive and negative regulatory actions are indicated by arrows and lines with bars, respectively. MYC2 is the major component involved in interactions between JA and gibberellin (GA). DELLAs interact with JAZ repressors, relieving MYC2 from JAZ repression, and facilitate JA-mediated defense responses by the activation of MYC2. MYC2 is also positively regulated by ABA. Conversely, MYC2 inhibits salicylic acid (SA) regulation of abiotic stress response genes. The JAZ inhibition of EIN mediates JA and ET signaling synergy in plant resistance, whereas the reciprocal counteraction between MYC2 and EIN mediates JA and ethylene (ET) signaling antagonism.