Figure 1.

Effects of Torenia concolor Lindley var. Formosama Yamazaki ethanol extracts (TCEE) on cell viability and NO bioavailability in ECs. ECs were treated with the indicated concentrations (0.125-8 μg/mL) of TCEE for 24 h. (A–C) The cell viability by MTT assay, CCK-8 assay, and LDH assay. (D) Microscopic analysis of cells. (E) The level of nitrite in culture medium by Griess assay. (F) Western blot analysis of total eNOS and α-tubulin. (G) ECs were pretreated with L-NAME (400 μM) for 2 h, and then with TCEE (2 μM) for 24 h. The level of nitrite in the culture medium was measured. Data are mean ± SEM from 5 independent experiments. * p < 0.05 vs. vehicle-treated group; ^# p < 0.05 vs. TCEE-treated group.