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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Ophthalmol. 2019 Dec 5;211:191–199. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2019.11.030

Table 2: Authorship in electronic health record notes for office visits based on automated text analysis of 84,271 notes from 41 ophthalmology providers.

Character counts are displayed for new and return patient progress notes, based on author and text source (manually-entered vs imported). Only notes with both provider and technician text were analyzed, and only providers with more than thirty notes with provider and technician text were included in the analysis. Comparisons were made between amount of text generated by providers and staff for each encounter type using a paired t-test after data had been log-transformed to convert log-normal distributions to normal distributions.

Encounter Type N Word Count, Mean ± SD Author Text Source Character Count, Mean ± SD (%) P-Value

New Patient 12,116 626 ± 293 Provider Total 1404 ± 1658 (32) <2.2e-16

Manual 573 ± 669 (13)
Imported 832 ± 1265 (19)

Template 754 ± 1134 (17)
Copied 78 ± 335 (2)
Staff Total 3024 ± 2335 (68)

Manual 502 ± 603 (11)
Imported 2521± 2009 (57)

Template 2343 ± 1816 (53)
Copied 129 ± 793 (3)

Return Patient 72,155 688 ± 637 Provider Total 798 ± 1336 (17) <2.2e-16

Manual 222 ± 258 (5)
Imported 576 ± 1279 (12)

Template 490 ± 927 (10)
Copied 86 ± 825 (2)
Staff Total 3953 ± 4410 (83)

Manual 200 ± 316 (4)
Imported 3754 ± 4341 (79)

Template 2432 ±1842 (51)
Copied 1322 ± 4080 (28)