Table 4.
Demographic Characteristics and Mental Health/Substance Use Disorders Associated with Mental Health or Substance Use Disorder Treatment Entry and Engagement Among Justice-Involved Veterans Seen by Veterans Justice Outreach Specialists in Fiscal Year 2010-Fiscal Year 2012 Who Had a Mental Health or Substance Use Disorder Diagnosis
| Entry | Engagement | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | Estimate | SE | OR | 95% CI | Estimate | SE | OR | 95% CI |
| Gender (ref: Male) | 0.14 | 0.18 | 1.15 | 0.82, 1.63 | 0.48*** | 0.08 | 1.62 | 1.38, 1.90 |
| Age, years (ref: <25) | ||||||||
| 25–34 | −0.02 | 0.21 | 0.98 | 0.61, 1.48 | 0.27** | 0.08 | 1.31 | 1.12, 1.53 |
| 35–44 | 0.19 | 0.22 | 1.21 | 0.79, 1.86 | 0.40*** | 0.08 | 1.49 | 1.27, 1.76 |
| 45–54 | −1.13 | 0.2 | 0.88 | 0.59, 1.31 | 0.35** | 0.08 | 1.43 | 1.22, 1.66 |
| 55+ | −0.58** | 0.2 | 0.56 | 0.38, 0.83 | 0.07 | 0.08 | 1.07 | 0.92, 1.25 |
| Race (ref: White) | ||||||||
| American Indian/Alaskan Native | −0.66* | 0.32 | 0.52 | 0.28, 0.96 | −0.09 | 0.17 | 0.91 | 0.66, 1.27 |
| Asian | −0.23 | 0.31 | 0.79 | 0.44, 1.45 | 0.32* | 0.16 | 1.37 | 1.01, 1.86 |
| Black/African American | −0.06 | 0.08 | 0.94 | 0.81, 1.10 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 1.03 | 0.95, 1.11 |
| Hispanic (ref: Non-Hispanic) | 0.06 | 0.15 | 1.07 | 0.79, 1.44 | −0.05 | 0.07 | 0.95 | 0.84, 1.08 |
| Marital status (ref: Married) | ||||||||
| Single | 0.01 | 0.09 | 1.01 | 0.84, 1.21 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 1.03 | 0.95, 1.12 |
| Divorced/Separated | −0.15 | 0.09 | 0.86 | 0.72, 1.03 | −0.03 | 0.04 | 0.97 | 0.89, 1.05 |
| Widowed | −0.03 | 0.23 | 0.98 | 0.62, 1.54 | −0.02 | 0.11 | 0.98 | 0.79, 1.23 |
| Residence (ref: Rural) | 0.05 | 0.09 | 1.05 | 0.88, 1.25 | 0.21*** | 0.04 | 1.24 | 1.14, 1.34 |
| Homeless (ref: No) | 0.51*** | 0.09 | 1.67 | 1.39, 2.01 | 0.42*** | 0.04 | 1.53 | 1.41, 1.66 |
| Service-connected disability rating (ref: No) | ||||||||
| < 50% | −0.09 | 0.09 | 0.92 | 0.77, 1.08 | 0.08 | 0.04 | 1.08 | 1.00, 1.17 |
| ≥ 50% | 0.07 | 0.09 | 1.07 | 0.90, 1.28 | 0.15*** | 0.04 | 1.16 | 1.08, 1.26 |
| Mental health and substance use disorder diagnoses [ref: Only substance use disorder(s)] | ||||||||
| Only mental health disorder(s) | 0.43*** | 0.08 | 1.53 | 1.30, 1.81 | −0.01 | 0.05 | 0.99 | 0.91, 1.09 |
| Mental health and substance use disorders | 2.36*** | 0.1 | 10.54 | 8.75, 12.71 | 1.38*** | 0.04 | 3.99 | 3.68, 4.32 |
Note. N = 28,629. Cases with missing data (n = 180; <1%) were excluded from the logistic regression models. Entry to treatment is defined as any use of mental health or substance use disorder outpatient or residential services or pharmacotherapy within one year of initial contact with a VJO specialist. Engagement in treatment is defined as 6+ mental health disorder outpatient visits, 6+ substance use disorder outpatient visits, or any mental health or substance use disorder residential stays within one year of initial contact with a VJO specialist. OR = Odds ratio. CI = Confidence interval. Odds ratios in bold indicate a significant value.
p < .05,
p < .01,
p < .001.