Table 1.
Baseline characteristics, propensity-matched groups
| Dabigatran–rivaroxaban-matched cohort (n = 20 504) |
Dabigatran–apixaban-matched cohort (n = 20 826) |
Apixaban–rivaroxaban-matched cohort (n = 27 398) |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dabigatran (n = 10 252) | Rivaroxaban (n = 10 252) | SMD | Dabigatran (n = 10 413) | Apixaban (n = 10 413) | SMD | Apixaban (n = 13 699) | Rivaroxaban (n = 13 699) | SMD | |
| Age | |||||||||
| Mean (SD) | 70.9 (10.95) | 70.9 (11.21) | 0.004 | 70.6 (11.18) | 70.6 (11.67) | <0.001 | 72.7 (11.66) | 72.7 (11.08) | <0.001 |
| Median | 71 | 71 | 71 | 71 | 73 | 73 | |||
| <65 years | 2526 (24.6) | 2614 (25.5) | 2687 (25.8) | 2794 (26.8) | 2934 (21.4) | 2786 (20.3) | |||
| 65–74 years | 3869 (37.7) | 3748 (36.6) | 3869 (37.2) | 3759 (36.1) | 4596 (33.5) | 4805 (35.1) | |||
| ≥75 years | 3857 (37.6) | 3890 (37.9) | 3857 (37.0) | 3860 (37.1) | 6169 (45.0) | 6108 (44.6) | |||
| OAC dose | |||||||||
| Standard dose | 6498 (63.4) | 8115 (79.2) | 6652 (63.9) | 8514 (81.8) | 10 508 (76.7) | 10 362 (75.6) | |||
| Reduced dose | 3754 (36.6) | 2137 (20.8) | 3761 (36.1) | 1899 (18.2) | 3191 (23.3) | 3337 (24.4) | |||
| Male gender | 6286 (61.3) | 6313 (61.6) | 0.005 | 6433 (61.8) | 6447 (61.9) | 0.003 | 7946 (58.0) | 7943 (58.0) | 0.000 |
| Hypertension | 6656 (64.9) | 6628 (64.7) | 0.006 | 6693 (64.3) | 6641 (63.8) | 0.010 | 9376 (68.4) | 9288 (67.8) | 0.014 |
| Ischaemic heart disease | 2107 (20.6) | 2089 (20.4) | 0.004 | 2119 (20.3) | 2101 (20.2) | 0.004 | 3050 (22.3) | 3061 (22.3) | 0.002 |
| Vascular disease | 743 (7.2) | 757 (7.4) | 0.005 | 743 (7.1) | 720 (6.9) | 0.009 | 1265 (9.2) | 1262 (9.2) | 0.001 |
| Heart failure | 2103 (20.5) | 2100 (20.5) | 0.001 | 2140 (20.6) | 2079 (20.0) | 0.015 | 3029 (22.1) | 3043 (22.2) | 0.002 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 245 (2.4) | 258 (2.5) | 0.008 | 245 (2.4) | 255 (2.4) | 0.006 | 657 (4.8) | 627 (4.6) | 0.010 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1318 (13.2) | 1352 (13.2) | 0.010 | 1324 (12.7) | 1294 (12.4) | 0.009 | 1923 (14.0) | 1887 (13.8) | 0.008 |
| Chronic lower respiratory tract diseases | 1137 (11.1) | 1122 (10.9) | 0.005 | 1141 (11.0) | 1128 (10.8) | 0.004 | 1654 (12.1) | 1632 (11.9) | 0.005 |
| Active cancer (diagnosis last 12 months) | 769 (7.5) | 770 (7.5) | 0.000 | 770 (7.4) | 773 (7.4) | 0.001 | 1276 (9.3) | 1263 (9.2) | 0.003 |
| History of stroke/SE | 1341 (13.1) | 1330 (13.0) | 0.003 | 1356 (13.0) | 1322 (12.7) | 0.010 | 1860 (13.6) | 1792 (13.1) | 0.015 |
| History of anaemia | 456 (4.4) | 447 (4.4) | 0.004 | 458 (4.4) | 432 (4.1) | 0.012 | 801 (5.8) | 757 (5.5) | 0.014 |
| History of bleeding | 1142 (11.1) | 1142 (11.1) | 0.000 | 1144 (11.0) | 1097 (10.5) | 0.015 | 1723 (12.6) | 1715 (12.5) | 0.002 |
| Use of antiplatelet drugs last 12 months | 5109 (49.8) | 5079 (49.5) | 0.006 | 5125 (49.2) | 5016 (48.2) | 0.021 | 7312 (53.4) | 7207 (52.6) | 0.015 |
| Use of NSAIDs last 12 months | 2485 (24.2) | 2467 (24.1) | 0.004 | 2512 (24.1) | 2492 (23.9) | 0.004 | 3047 (22.2) | 3148 (23.0) | 0.018 |
| Use of cholesterol lowering drugs | 4603 (44.9) | 4598 (44.8) | 0.001 | 4629 (44.5) | 4516 (43.4) | 0.022 | 6356 (46.4) | 6315 (46.1) | 0.006 |
| Mean CHA2DS2-VASc score (SD) | 2.99 (1.73) | 2.98 (1.71) | 0.006 | 2.96 (1.74) | 2.93 (1.72) | 0.017 | 3.23 (1.74) | 3.22 (1.71) | 0.006 |
| Mean HAS-BLED score (SD) | 2.30 (1.14) | 2.29 (1.12) | 0.009 | 2.25 (1.15) | 2.25 (1.16) | 0.000 | 2.43 (1.15) | 2.43 (1.12) | 0.000 |
Values are expressed as numbers (percent), unless otherwise stated.
NSAIDs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; SD, standard deviation; SE, systemic embolism; SMD, absolute standardized mean difference.