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. 2020 Jan 27;9(2):349. doi: 10.3390/jcm9020349

Table 2.

Differences in physical activity by season.

Spring Summer Autumn Winter
Difference in steps per day (%)
Overall Reference −0.86 (−12.38, 12.18) −6.24 (−18.86, 8.33) −27.04 (−36.68, −15.93)
Age
<65 years Reference −8.08 (−21.25, 7.30) −10.27 (−24.74, 6.98) −25.21 (−36.65, −11.70)
≥65 years Reference 11.91 (−9.08, 37.74) 2.36 (−20.65, 32.02) −32.16 (−48.31, −10.97)
p for interaction 0.14 0.40 0.55
Cardiorespiratory fitness (6MWD)
<500 m Reference −1.21 (−18.1, 19.18) 7.07 (−14.97, 34.83) −27.63 (−41.48, −10.50)
≥500 m Reference −0.75 (−15.53, 16.62) −12.95 (−27.52, 4.55) −20.97 (−34.54, −4.59)
p for interaction 0.97 0.17 0.54
Difference in MVPA minutes per day (%)
Overall Reference 5.06 (−14.6, 29.24) −2.11(−23.13, 24.67) −35.22 (−49.18, −17.43)
Age
<65 years Reference 5.13 (−19.26, 36.89) −1.43 (−26.71, 32.57) −33.03 (−49.63, −10.95)
≥65 years Reference 4.05 (−26.37, 47.04) −3.75 (−37.24, 47.60) −40.72 (−62.76, −5.62)
p for interaction 0.96 0.93 0.66
Cardiorespiratory fitness (6MWD)
<500 m Reference −4.25 (−30.56, 32.04) 20.57 (−18.5, 78.39) −38.65 (−57.62, −11.18)
≥500 m Reference 11.12 (−15.17, 45.55) −10.57 (−34.3, 21.73) −26.01 (−46.46, 2.25)
p for interaction 0.48 0.24 0.03

Models were adjusted for age, sex, smoking status, FEV1% pred, any pulmonary comorbidities, and any extra-pulmonary comorbidities. Pulmonary comorbidities include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, or interstitial lung disease, and extra-pulmonary comorbidities include cardiovascular diseases or diabetes mellitus. 6MWD, 6-min walk distance. MVPA, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity.