Figure 5.

Polarization of human monocytes to M1 phenotype, increased migration of NK and CD8⁺ T cells and increased proliferation of CD8⁺ T cells following exposure to infected cell vaccine (ICV). (A) Polarization of purified human monocytes in the presence of conditioned media (CM) from human triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines infected with VSVd51 (10 multiplicity of infection, 24 hours). Monocytes exposed to cytokines for control polarization as indicated. (B) Migration assay of purified human CD3⁺/CD8⁺ T cells and CD3⁻/CD56⁺ NK cells following exposure to CM of infected TNBC cells or controls as indicated. (C) CFSE-based proliferation assay of CD3⁺/CD8⁺ T cells following co-culture with human monocytes treated with CM or controls as indicated. All data are representative of at least three similar experiments where n=3 for technical replicates. *p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001; n.s., not significant. MFI, mean fluorescence intensity.