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. 2020 Jan 22;9(2):317. doi: 10.3390/jcm9020317

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Arginase 2 (A2) deletion prevented high-fat, high-sucrose (HFHS)-induced retinal microglia activation/pro-inflammatory macrophage infiltration. Representative images at 20× (A) and 40× (B) showing immunofluorescent double-labeling of the inflammatory marker, interleukin-6 (IL-6) (red) and microglia/macrophage marker, ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1) (green), in retina sections of wild-type (WT) and A2−/− mice fed a normal diet (ND) or HFHS diet (n = 5 per group). Boxes with dashed lines on 20× images illustrate the same section imaged at 40× shown below (B). Red arrows point to regions of IL-6 expression, green arrows point to ameboid microglia/macrophages, and orange arrows point to co-localization of IL-6 and Iba1 (yellow) in ameboid microglia or infiltrating inflammatory macrophages. White arrow heads point to ramified resident microglia. GCL: Ganglion cell layer, IPL: Inner plexiform layer, INL: Inner nuclear layer, ONL: Outer nuclear layer. Scale bars = 50 μm on WT ND images. ImageJ quantification of the number of activated ameboid microglia/macrophages compared to the total number of Iba1 positive cells (C), and the percentage of Iba1 positive cells expressing IL-6 (colocalization) compared to the total number Iba1 positive cells (D). Five randomly selected images per animal were quantified. * p < 0.05 when compared to ND-fed mice within the same genotype, # p < 0.05 when compared to WT on the same diet.