Table 2.
Means ± standard (std.) errors and p-values for each design factor and attribute included in the DA. * indicates interaction. Significant effects are marked in bold. For sweet and sour taste, significant differences found with Tukey’s comparison test are indicated with letters. Samples sharing a letter in each column are not significantly different.
| Sweet Aroma Ratings |
Sour Aroma Ratings | Intensity of Aroma Ratings |
Sweet Taste Ratings |
Sour Taste Ratings |
Intensity of Flavor Ratings |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sucrose | p = 0.825 | p = 0.920 | p = 0.425 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | |||
| Aroma | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | |||
| Sucrose * Aroma | p = 0.969 | p = 0.488 | p = 0.715 | p = 0.044 | p = 0.007 | p = 0.246 | |||
| 2.5% sucrose | Vanilla | 12.28 ± 0.61 | 1.48 ± 0.48 | 10.30 ± 0.97 | 8.46 ± 0.86 | de | 2.73 ± 0.80 | ab | 7.49 ± 0.88 |
| Honey | 11.21 ± 0.69 | 1.66 ± 0.32 | 11.13 ± 0.64 | 7.04 ± 0.94 | cd | 3.21 ± 0.79 | ab | 7.56 ± 0.92 | |
| Banana | 10.75 ± 0.80 | 5.10 ± 0.86 | 11.35 ± 0.68 | 6.19 ± 0.89 | bc | 4.50 ± 0.80 | bc | 6.91 ± 0.81 | |
| Raspberry | 4.04 ± 0.62 | 11.67 ± 0.69 | 4.91 ± 0.72 | 2.93 ± 0.50 | a | 11.33 ± 0.62 | e | 2.56 ± 0.44 | |
| Elderflower | 2.38 ± 0.36 | 12.43 ± 0.44 | 3.61 ± 0.55 | 2.31 ± 0.43 | a | 10.65 ± 0.81 | de | 1.99 ± 0.33 | |
| 5.0% sucrose | Vanilla | 12.58 ± 0.52 | 1.34 ± 0.28 | 11.30 ± 0.76 | 11.71 ± 0.69 | gh | 1.39 ± 0.27 | a | 10.88 ± 0.71 |
| Honey | 11.15 ± 0.72 | 2.60 ± 0.66 | 11.42 ± 0.55 | 11.21 ± 0.65 | fgh | 2.55 ± 0.60 | ab | 10.25 ± 0.71 | |
| Banana | 10.59 ± 0.79 | 5.69 ± 0.86 | 11.33 ± 0.61 | 10.26 ± 0.73 | efg | 4.53 ± 0.75 | bc | 9.21 ± 0.68 | |
| Raspberry | 4.59 ± 0.71 | 10.56 ± 0.89 | 5.07 ± 0.76 | 5.81 ± 0.83 | bc | 10.22 ± 0.82 | de | 3.74 ± 0.51 | |
| Elderflower | 2.57 ± 0.51 | 12.42 ± 0.43 | 4.17 ± 0.72 | 5.10 ± 0.69 | b | 8.92 ± 0.90 | d | 3.57 ± 0.55 | |
| 7.5% sucrose | Vanilla | 12.59 ± 0.63 | 1.80 ± 0.55 | 11.46 ± 0.80 | 13.88 ± 0.29 | i | 1.12 ± 0.26 | a | 12.73 ± 0.38 |
| Honey | 11.58 ± 0.58 | 1.84 ± 0.45 | 10.95 ± 0.64 | 13.10 ± 0.20 | hi | 1.88 ± 0.37 | a | 12.00 ± 0.45 | |
| Banana | 10.61 ± 0.83 | 5.60 ± 0.91 | 10.90 ± 0.66 | 12.86 ± 0.43 | hi | 4.67 ± 0.82 | bc | 11.24 ± 0.60 | |
| Raspberry | 3.99 ± 0.60 | 10.72 ± 0.71 | 5.46 ± 0.73 | 9.38 ± 0.79 | ef | 8.99 ± 0.88 | d | 6.98 ± 0.72 | |
| Elderflower | 2.17 ± 0.40 | 12.05 ± 0.62 | 3.16 ± 0.62 | 9.42 ± 0.81 | ef | 6.59 ± 0.96 | c | 5.32 ± 0.71 | |