Figure 3.

Effect of frondoside A on PI3K signaling. (A–I) PRP was incubated with frondoside A (15 µM) or vehicle for 30 min followed by stimulation with PAR-1-AP (A), ADP (D), or PMA (G) for 10 min. Untreated PRP served as negative control. The expressions of pAkt, Akt, pERK1/2, ERK1/2, and α-tubulin were analyzed by means of Western blot. Quantitative analysis of pAkt/Akt expression (B,E,H) and pERK/ERK expression (C,F,I) (black bars, frondoside A; white bars, vehicle; gray bars, untreated control; n = 3) of (A), (D) and (G), respectively. Data are given in % of vehicle. Mean ± SD. * p < 0.05 vs. vehicle.