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. 2020 Feb 12;9(2):504. doi: 10.3390/jcm9020504

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Representative blots of preliminary characterization of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs). (A) Blots of the cytosolic protein flotilin and ribonucleoprotein (HNRNPA1) as positive and negative markers, respectively, in purified sEVs obtained by ultracentrifugation from controls and participants with Parkinson’s disease (PD). MCF-7 cell extract was used as the positive control for the anti-HNRNPA1 antibody. (B) Blots of tetraspanins CD9 and CD63, flotilin, and HNRNPA1 in purified sEVs obtained from one control and one PD participant using a commercial precipitation kit.