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. 2020 Jan 28;8(2):183. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8020183

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordinations of gut microbiomes of dragonflies grouped by life stage, site, habitat, or species. (a) Ordination by life stage (adults or nymphs, stress = 0.26); (b) ordination of adults by sample site (stress = 0.24); (c) ordination of nymphs by sample site (stress = 0.20); (d) ordination of nymphs by habitat samples (leaf litter, littoral vegetation, or sediment, stress = 0.24); (e) ordination of nymphs by dragonfly species (stress = 0.20); and (f) ordination of adults by dragonfly species (stress = 0.20). Sites represented a gradient of potential human impact (WRG>SF>TP>CLS>UMFS). Species were identified as Anax imperator (Ai), Anax junius (Aj), Celithemis elisa (Cel), Celithemis eponina (Cep), Erythemis simplicicollis (Es), Erythrodiplax fusca (Ef), Ladona deplanata (Ld), Libellula luctuosa (Ll), Libellula quadrimaculata (Lq), Pachydiplax longipennis (Plo), Plathemix lydia (Pl), Sympetrum corruptum (Sc), and Tetragoneuria cynosure (Tc).