Table A3:
GRADE Evidence Profile for 10-kHz High-Frequency SCS for Chronic Noncancer Pain—Crossover Trials
| Number of Studies (Design) | Risk of Bias | Inconsistency | Indirectness | Imprecision | Publication Bias | Upgrade Considerations | Quality |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pain Intensity, Randomized Crossover, kHz Range | |||||||
| 1 (randomized crossover)36 | Serious limitations (−1)a | No serious limitations | No serious limitations | Serious limitations (−1)b | Undetected | NA | ⊕ ⊕ Low |
| Pain Intensity, Randomized Crossover, Low-Frequency Versus Burst Versus 10-kHz High-Frequency SCS | |||||||
| 1 (randomized crossover)38 | Serious limitations (−1)a | No serious limitations | No serious limitations | Serious limitations (−1)b | Undetected | NA | ⊕ ⊕ Low |
Abbreviations: GRADE, Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation; SCS, spinal cord stimulation.
a
Blinding of patients and investigators was not done.
b
Only one trial, and that involved a small study sample.