Figure 18.

Scheme of the general strategy for in situ virus labeling during progeny virus assembly. The labeling procedure includes (1) infection of the host cells with the virus, (2) after 2 days’ cultivation, the proteins on the host cell surface were conjugated with polypeptides containing his-tags and carboxyl groups, (3) progeny viruses assemble and are released from the cell surface, incorporating the his-tags in the process, and (4) the progeny viruses are further tagged with Ni2+-NTA modified QDs. Adapted with permission from ref (335). Copyright 2016 The Royal Society of Chemistry.