Table 2.
Quality assessment.
| References | Domain 1: Selection | Domain 2: Comparability | Domain 3: Outcome | Total score | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Representativeness of the exposed cohort | Selection of the non-exposed cohort | Ascertainment of exposure | Outcome not present at start of study | Adjusted for most important confounders | Adjusted for second important confounders | Assessment of outcome | Follow-up long enough | Adequacy of follow up | ||
| Catena et al. (18) | Partial Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | 7.5 |
| Reason: Consecutive patients between January 1, 1994, and December 31, 2001 | Reason: Essential hypertension recruited by frequency matching | Reason:1. prospective design; 2. with standard diagnose criteria | Reason: Outcome was death | Reason: Adjusted for baseline systolic and diastolic blood pressure | Reason: Did not control other important variables, such as comorbidity | Reason: Outcome was death | Reason: Follow-up was 7.4 years | Reason: 100% followed | ||
| Reincke et al. (19) | Partial Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | 7.5 |
| Reason: Patients of the three largest German centers treated between 1994 and 2010 | Reason: Essential hypertension recruited in the same centers | Reason:1. prospective design; 2. with standard diagnose criteria | Reason: Outcome was death | Reason: Adjusted for baseline systolic and diastolic blood pressure | Reason: Did not control other important variables, such as comorbidity | Reason: Outcome was death | Reason: Follow-up was 10 years or more | Reason: 100% followed | ||
| Rossi et al. (23) | Partial Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes | NO | 5.5 |
| Reason: Consecutive PA patients between 1992 and 2012 | Reason: Essential hypertension recruited in the same centers | Reason: With standard diagnose criteria | Reason: Outcome was death | Reason: Did not adjusted for baseline systolic and diastolic blood pressure | Reason: Did not control other important variables | Reason: Outcome was death | Reason: Follow-up was 3 years | Reason: 82% PA and 78% EH patients followed | ||
| Chan et al. (20) | Partial Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | 8.5 |
| Reason: The longitudinal database of Taiwan province of China | Reason: Essential hypertension recruited in the same source | Reason: With standard diagnose criteria and detailed medical records | Reason: Outcome was death | Reason: Adjusted for baseline systolic and diastolic blood pressure | Reason: Adjusted for comorbidity, sex, and concomitant medications | Reason: Outcome was death | Reason: Follow-up was 4.28 years | Reason: 100% followed | ||
| Hundemer et al. (21) | Partial Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | 6.5 |
| Reason: Patients were recruited from two hospitals from 1991 and 2016 of USA | Reason: Essential hypertension recruited in the same hospitals | Reason: With standard diagnose criteria and detailed medical records | Reason: Outcome was death | Reason: Did not adjusted for baseline systolic and diastolic blood pressure | Reason: Did not control other important variables, such as comorbidity (except for CVD events) | Reason: Outcome was death | Reason: Follow-up more than 10 years | Reason: More than 98% were followed | ||
| Rossi et al. (22) | Partial Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes | Partial Yes | 6 |
| Reason: Consecutive patients between 2000 and 2005 in specialized centers of Italy | Reason: Essential hypertension recruited in the same centers | Reason: With standard diagnose criteria and detailed medical records | Reason: Outcome was death | Reason: Did not adjusted for baseline systolic and diastolic blood pressure | Reason: Did not control other important variables, such as comorbidity (except for CVD events) | Reason: Outcome was death | Reason: Follow-up more than 12 years | Reason: 89.0% followed | ||