Table 1.
Available anticancer drug classes and representative drugs among each class.
| Classes | Example sub-classes | Representative drugs |
|---|---|---|
| Chemotherapy (25) | Alkylating agents | Cyclophosphamide, cisplatin |
| Topoisomerase inhibitors | Irinotecan, etoposide, doxorubicin | |
| Mitotic inhibitors | Vincristine, paclitaxel | |
| Anti-metabolites | Methotrexate, cytarabine, hydroxyurea | |
| Others | Bleomycin, L-asparaginase | |
| Hormonal therapy (26, 27) | GnRH analogs | Buserelin, degarelix |
| Anti-androgens | Cyproterone, flutamide | |
| Aromatase inhibitors | Aminoglutethimide, anastrozole | |
| SERMs | Tamoxifen | |
| Targeted therapy (28) | Receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors | Erlotinib, gefitinib, lapatinib |
| Intracellular tyrosine kinase inhibitors | Imatinib, nilotinib, everolimus | |
| Phenotype-directed inhibitors | Rituximab, alemtuzumab | |
| Ligand-receptor binding inhibitors | Bevacizumab, cetuximab, trastuzumab | |
| Proteasome inhibitors | Bortezomib | |
| Immunotherapy (29) | PRR agonists | Imiquimod, mifamurtide |
| Checkpoint inhibitors | Ipilimumab, nivolumab | |
| Cytokines | IFN-α, IFN-β | |
| Cell-based immunotherapies | Sipuleucel-T |
GnRH, gonadotropin releasing hormone; IFN, interferon; PRR, pattern recognition receptor; SERMs, selective estrogen receptor modulators.