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. 2020 Mar 16;10:4776. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-61737-1

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Experimental Design. Participants studied congruent and incongruent associations in an AB-AC inference paradigm (pseudoword – scene – object, e.g. frode – bathroom and frode – rubber duck or bete – airplane and bete – hay bale) in the MR-scanner. After AB-learning, a short AB-recall test was performed to further strengthen the AB-memories. After subsequent AC-learning, participants were asked how well they were able to reactivate B. After the encoding session in the scanner, participants performed a memory test in which they were asked for item recognition of the object, associative recall of the scene given the object, and associative recognition of the scene given the object. Pictures are not exactly the same as in the experiment, but are very similar and rights-free. (Aeroplane image taken from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:KLM_Economy1.jpg, licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en).