Table 1.

Primary and secondary outcomes for the trial

	Number of items and origins	Scaling	Alpha	Hypothesised direction
Primary outcomes
Past year experience of physical IPV among currently married women	Five items ask about married women’s experience of physical IPV (specifically: being slapped; pushed or shoved; hit; kicked, dragged, or choked or burnt; threatened to, or actually used a gun, knife or other weapon). The scale is based on the WHO’s multicountry study of IPV41	A positive response to one or more items coded as yes	NA	Decrease
Past year experience of severe physical IPV among currently married women	Same scale as above. Severe physical IPV is defined as experiencing more than one item of the five, or experiencing any one item more than once (ie, responding few, or many), creating a dichotomous measure equivalent to more than once experiencing physical IPV. This follows analyses suggesting significantly greater health impacts for those experiencing two or more IPV experiences27	Two or more items responded to as ‘once’ or responding to any single item as ‘few’, or ‘many’	NA	Decrease
Women’s past week depressive symptoms	Depressive symptoms are assessed using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale (CES-D), comprising 20 items asking about depressive symptoms in the past week42	Mean score created; higher mean’s more depressive symptoms	0.90	Decrease
Secondary outcomes
Violence and gender attitudes and practices
Past year emotional IPV among currently married women	Seven items ask about experiences of emotional abuse by the husband	A positive response to one or more items coded as yes	NA	Decrease
Perceptions of husband cruelty among currently married women	Five items ask about married women’s perceptions of her husband and his attitudes and relationship towards her	Mean score: higher scores indicate more cruelty	0.88	Decrease
Women’s gender attitudes	This scale was developed locally from discussions with Afghans before being tested in Pakistan. A series of 11 questions ask about gender attitudes that individual women hold	Mean score; higher score indicates less gender-equitable attitudes	0.87	Decrease
Married women’s participation in household decision-making	Five items are asked about women’s ability to participate in household decisions, based on the WHO Multi-Country Study on Domestic Violence41	Mean score; higher scores indicate more participation	0.77	Increase
Women’s mobility	Single item asking whether a woman had travelled outside of the province, or country, in the past year	Binary of yes/no	NA	Increase
Mother-in-law and sibling abuse	Two items: a single item assesses whether mother-in-laws have hit the woman in the past 12 months and another item assesses whether siblings have hit the woman in the past 12 months, an affirmative response to either item would indicate abuse	A positive response to one or both items coded as yes	NA	Decrease
Perceptions of mother-in-law cruelty	For married women who currently live with their mothers-in-law, six items ask about their relationship and the mother-in-law’s attitudes towards her	Mean score: higher scores indicate more cruelty	0.84	Decrease
Livelihoods
Household food insecurity in past 4 weeks	Three items comprising the Household Hunger Scale, developed for global use and comparability43	Mean score created; higher indicates more food insecurity	0.94	Decrease
Women’s monthly income	A single item asks about earnings in the past month	Mean	NA	Increase
Women’s total savings	A single item asks women the total value that they have in savings	Mean	NA	Increase
Financial shock resilience	One item asks about ability to mobilise money in an emergency. This measure was developed for use in South Africa and has been used in Asia	Recoded into binary of very or fairly easy and somewhat difficult or very difficult	NA	Decrease
Mental health
Life satisfaction	Life satisfaction is assessed using four items derived from the Satisfaction With Life Scale.44 This has been used across South Asia45	Mean; higher means less satisfied	0.90	Decrease

IPV, intimate partner violence; NA, not available.