Table 3.
Characteristics of the participants.
| Characteristic | Group | Statistics | ||||
|
|
Control | Treatment | t test (df) | Chi-square test (df) | P value | |
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 73.5 (8.3) | 68.62 (6.2) | 1.32 (15) | —a | .21 | |
| Education (years), mean (SD) | 5.25 (3.8) | 6.75 (2.1) | 0.97 (15) | — | .35 | |
| Number of medications, mean (SD) | 5.75 (1.8) | 4.88 (1.6) | 1.01 (15) | — | .33 | |
| Cognition | Mildb | Mildb | — | — | — | |
| Sex, n | 1.3 (1) | .25 | ||||
|
|
Female | 5 | 7 | — |
|
|
|
|
Male | 3 | 1 | — |
|
|
| Caregiver relationship, n | 1.1 (1) | .57 | ||||
|
|
Spouse | 3 | 3 | — |
|
|
|
|
Child | 4 | 5 | — |
|
|
|
|
Other | 1 | 0 | — |
|
|
| Self-reported medication adherence, n | 0.2 (1) | .59 | ||||
|
|
Low | 2 | 3 | — |
|
|
|
|
Middle | 6 | 5 | — |
|
|
| Pill counting medication adherence (%), mean (SD) | 0.30 (15) | .77 | ||||
|
|
Baseline | 79.87 (17.9) | 80.9 (16) | — |
|
|
aNot applicable.
bCognitive impairment was assessed with the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire because it is appropriate for low-literacy persons [26].