Table 2.
Selected candidate constituents in M. subcordata screened for their potential induction of PPARγ-mediated luciferase expression
| Compounds | Concentration (μM) | Fold induction (mean ± SEM) |
|---|---|---|
| (a)Fold induction compared to 1%(v/v) DMSO as the solvent control | ||
| Agmatine sulfate | 100 | 1.35 ± 0.09 |
| N-Acetylagmatine | 100 | 1.17 ± 0.30 |
| Anthranilic acid | 100 | 1.89 ± 0.33 |
| Arecaidine hydrochloride | 100 | 0.95 ± 0.03 |
| Stachydrine hydrochloride | 100 | 1.04 ± 0.19 |
| Trigonelline hydrochloride | 100 | 1.09 ± 0.11 |
| Pipecolic acid | 100 | 0.88 ± 0.02 |
| Indole-3-carboxaldehyde | 100 | 1.51 ± 0.11 |
| Glucobrassicin potassium | 10 | 1.05 ± 0.08 |
| Ethyl isothiocyanate | 10 | 1.18 ± 0.20 |
| Isobutyl isothiocyanate | 10 | 1.91 ± 0.62 |
| Isopropyl isothiocyanate | 10 | 1.76 ± 0.52 |
| sec-Butyl isocyanate | 10 | 1.27 ± 0.14 |
| Geranylgeranylacetone | 25ϕ | 1.0 ± 60.06 |
| Sclareol | 5ϕ | 1.15 ± 0.12 |
| α-Lipoic acid | 250 | 2.16 ± 0.27* |
| (b)Fold induction compared to 1%(v/v) ethanol as the solvent control | ||
| Rosiglitazone | 1 | 15.09 ± 0.6** |
| 9-Hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid | 10# | 2.13 ± 0.15* |
| α-Linolenic acid | 100 | 2.93 ± 0.23* |
| Petroselinic acid | 100 | 2.22 ± 0.53* |
| Azeleic acid | 100 | 1.31 ± 0.08 |
| Stigmasterol | 100 | 1.49 ± 0.17 |
ϕhighest non-cytotoxic concentration, #amount of sample was not enough to test higher concentration, *significant difference from the solvent control: *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01