Table 2.
Comparison of patients with different clinical subtypes of PLAN
| Characteristics | Dystonia-Parkinsonism N = 14 |
Early-onset PD N = 17 |
HSP N = 3 |
Ataxia N = 1 |
P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at onset, years | 21.7 ± 3.9 | 27.2 ± 5.1 | 46.0 ± 23.5 | 30 | 0.10 |
| Age at examination, years | 32.5 ± 4.9 | 33.7 ± 8.1 | N.A. | 31 | 0.26 |
| Sex, male | 5 (35.7%) | 10 (58.8%) | 1 (33.3%) | 0 | 0.38 |
| Main symptoms and signs | |||||
| Parkinsonism | 14 (100.0%) | 17 (100.0%) | 0 | 0 | 1.00 |
| Dystonia | 13 (92.8%) | 2 (11.8%) | 0 | 0 | < 0.001** |
| Pyramidal sign | 11 (78.6%) | 8 (47.1%) | 3 (100%) | 1 | 0.32 |
| Cognitive decline | 9 (64.3%) | 10 (58.8%) | 1 (33.3%) | 0 | 0.91 |
| Depression/Anxiety | 4 (28.6%) | 7 (41.2%) | 1 (33.3%) | 1 | 0.78 |
| Psychosis | 4 (28.6%) | 6 (35.3%) | 0 | 0 | 0.93 |
| Brain MRI findings | |||||
| Cortical atrophy | 9 (64.3%) | 8 (47.1%) | 0 | 0 | |
| Cerebellar atrophy | 3 (21.4%) | 1 (5.9%) | 1 (33.3%) | 1 | 0.03* |
| Hypo-intensity in GP | 1 (7.1%) | 1 (5.9%) | 0 | 0 | 0.98 |
Data are the number (%) or the mean ± SD. PLAN, Phospholipase A2 group VI-associated neurodegeneration; PD, Parkinson’s disease; HSP, hereditary spastic paraparesis; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; GP, globus pallidus. **P < 0.05; **P < 0.01. P-values that compare individual characteristics between groups with dystonia-parkinsonism and early-onset PD were evaluated with an analysis of variance. Variables without a normal distribution were compared with the Kruskal-Wallis test, the non-parametric equivalent of the independent sample t-test