Table 2.

Predictors study

Neurological (sensory abnormality and weakness) [5]

MRI findings (disc herniation, spondylosis, and number of levels involved)

Sickness absence [9]

Patient expectations [47]

Emotional distress

Fear-avoidance beliefs

Age

Gender

Smoking

Severity of primary outcome at the baseline

Primary outcome

Change in the primary outcome of the trial

Number of patients recovered (mean pain scores 0, 1, and 2) or reached the expected outcome at 52 weeks

Number of patients working full time at the 1-year mark (adjusted for absence at the baseline)