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. 2020 Mar 17;22:49. doi: 10.1186/s13075-020-02147-6

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — Cartilage 3-MST expression is negatively correlated with OA severity and chondrocyte calcification and downmodulated by HA crystals. a 3-MST immunohistochemical staining in cartilage explants from end-stage osteoarthritis patients and consecutive sections stained with von Kossa/Safranin-O staining for calcium-containing crystals. For each staining, one representative picture from one out of 14 patients is shown. Scale bars 200 μm. The graph shows the correlation between the % of 3-MST-positive cells and the % of calcified cartilage in the different patients. n = 14 patients. b Immunohistochemical staining of 3-MST in cartilage from individuals with low, medium, and high stage osteoarthritis and von Kossa/Safranin-O staining for calcium-containing crystals in consecutive sections. Pictures from one representative patient out of 5 patients per group are shown. Scale bars 200 μm. The graphs show the % of 3-MST-positive cells and the % of calcified cartilage. Three fields were counted per patient and the mean plotted in the graph. n = 14 patients. c 3-MST immunohistochemistry of human cartilage explants stimulated 24 h with HA crystals (HA 500 μg/ml) or not (Nt). Scale bars 200 μm. The graph shows the % of 3-MST-positive cells in Nt vs HA-treated explants in each patient. Lines connect the Nt condition and the HA condition for each patient. n = 4 patients