Table 3.
Anti‐cancer effect of PPARγ natural agonists
| Agonists | Cancer type | Function | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cladosporol A | Colorectal cancer cell | Inhibit proliferation, up‐regulate 3 p21waf1/cip1 gene expression, inactivate β‐catenin/TCF pathway | 94 |
| Morusin | Breast cancer cell | Inhibit proliferation, induce adipogenic differentiation, apoptosis and lipoapoptosis of cancer cells, up‐regulate expressions of C/EBPβ | 16 |
| Carotenoids | Leukaemia K562 cells | Inhibit proliferation, decrease the viability, induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, up‐regulate the expression of Nrf2 | 93 |
| Chrysin | Breast cancer cell | Inhibit proliferation, decrease the viability, inhibit epithelial‐mesenchymal transition | 91 |
| 6‐Shogaol | Breast and colon cancer cell | Inhibit proliferation, induced G2/M cell cycle arrest | 19 |
| Bitter gourd seed | Colon cancer cell | Inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis and up‐regulate GADD45, p53 | 20 |
| Deoxyelephantopin | Hela cells | Inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G(2)/M phase | 199 |
| Dihydroartemisinin | Colon cancer cell | Inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis | 200 |
| isoprenols | Colon cancer cell | Induce apoptosis | 201 |
| Hydroxysafflor‐Yellow A | Gastric carcinoma cell | Inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase | 202 |
| Luteolin | Colorectal cancer cell | Luteolin‐mediated OCTN2 expression and activity potentiate the sensitivity of cancer cells to oxaliplatin | 203 |
| Lycopene | Prostate cancer cell | Inhibit proliferation | 204 |