Table 2.

Typical endotherm hydrated compound via decomposing [19,20].

Name	UltraCarb	Hydroe Magnesite	Magnesium Hydroxide	Huntite	Aluminum Hydroxide
Chemical formula	hydromagnesite: huntite (approx. 60:40)	Mg5(CO3)4 (OH)2·4H2O	Mg(OH)2	Mg3Ca(CO3)4	Al(OH)3
H b (J·g−1)	990	1300	1450	980	1300
Tonset (°C)	220–240	220–240	300–320	~400	18,200
Relative contribution fire retardant effects (%)
Filler	14	10	19	20	9
Endotherm	57	56	56	58	55
Gas	18	21	15	13	23
Residue	12	14	9	9	13

^b the “H” means the enthalpy of decomposition.