Table 2. Relationships between travel PA and BE attributes across included studies.

BE attributes	PA-BE relationships			% studies supporting the predicted association ab	Summary codes c
	Significant (+)	Significant (-)	Non-significant
Land-use mix diversity	[8,49]	N/A	[36]	2/3 = 67%	++
Residential density	[8]	N/A	[49]	1/2 = 50%	?
Leisure amenities availability	N/A	N/A	[44]d	0/1 = 0%	0d
Land-use mix access	N/A	N/A	[8,49]	0/2 = 0%	0
Recreational facilities proximity	N/A	[36]	[46]	1/2 = 50%	?
Transit stops proximity	[49]	N/A	[36]	1/2 = 50%	?
Aesthetics	[46]f	[8,49]	[36]	2/3 = 67%	--
Infrastructure to walk/cycle	N/A	N/A	[8,36,49]	0/3 = 0%	00
Street connectivity	N/A	[8,49]	[44] d	2/2 = 100%	-
Sidewalks	N/A	N/A	[44 d,46]	0/1 = 0%	0
Crime safety	N/A	[8,49]	[36,44 d,46 e]	2/3 = 67%	--
Traffic safety	[44] d	N/A	[8,36,46 e,49]	0/3 = 0%	00

^a Number of articles supporting the predicted association divided by the entire number of studies investigated each BE variable.

^b Studies investigating variables signed ^d, ^e, or ^f was not considered in the coding unless all studies solely investigated the same variable.

^c The principles of evidence summary coding were adapted from Sallis et al [32]; +/- = positive or negative association (60–100% of articles supporting the predicted association); 0 = No relationship (0–33% of articles supporting the predicted association); ? = inconsistent relationship (34–59% of articles supporting the predicted association). Single signed codes (+, - or 0) were given for BE variables that were investigated only by 1–2 studies with respect to certain PA domains; When relationships were investigated in (3–4) or > 4 studies, double (++, - or 00) and triple (+++, - or 000) signed summary coding was applied, respectively.

^d association with physical inactivity.

^e feeling unsafe.

^f unpleasant aesthetics.