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. 2020 Mar 18;2020(3):CD013559. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD013559

Comparison 1. Intense pulsed light (IPL) (with/without standard therapy) versus sham (with/without standard therapy).

Outcome or subgroup title No. of studies No. of participants Statistical method Effect size
1 Subjective dry eye symptoms, as measured using a validated dry eye questionnaire at 3 months of follow‐up (with an acceptable follow‐up range ≤ 6 months) 3   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Subtotals only
1.1 Unit of analysis was study eye 2 144 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.33 [‐2.56, 1.89]
1.2 Unit of analysis was study participant 1 42 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐4.60 [‐6.72, ‐2.48]
2 Sodium fluorescein tear break‐up time at 3 months of follow‐up (with an acceptable follow‐up range ≤ 6 months) 2   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
2.1 Unit of analysis was study eye 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
2.2 Unit of analysis was study participant 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
3 Non‐invasive tear break‐up time (NIBUT) at 3 months of follow‐up (with an acceptable follow‐up range ≤ 6 months) 2   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
3.1 Unit of analysis was the study eye 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
3.2 Unit of analysis was the study participant 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
4 Tear osmolarity at 3 months of follow‐up (with an acceptable follow‐up range ≤ 6 months) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
5 Lipid layer thickness at 3 months of follow‐up (with an acceptable follow‐up range ≤ 6 months) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
6 Eyelid irregularity at 3 months of follow‐up (with an acceptable follow‐up range ≤ 6 months) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
7 Eyelid telangiectasia at 3 months of follow‐up (with an acceptable follow‐up range ≤ 6 months) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
8 Meibomian gland orifice plugging at 3 months of follow‐up (with an acceptable follow‐up range ≤ 6 months) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
9 Meibomian gland dropout at 3 months of follow‐up (with an acceptable follow‐up range ≤ 6 months) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
10 Corneal sodium fluorescein staining at 3 months of follow‐up (with an acceptable follow‐up range ≤ 6 months) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected