Table 2.
Changes in glycemic parameters, bodyweight, hypoglycemia and treatment satisfaction assessed by the Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire
| Parameter | Baseline | Week 24 | P‐value |
|---|---|---|---|
| HbA1c (%) | 7.2 ± 1.2 | 7.0 ± 1.2 | 0.01 |
| HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 56 ± 13 | 53 ± 13 | |
| Proportion of patients with HbA1c <7% | 48.3% | 48.3% | 1.00 |
| FPG (mg/dL) | 154 ± 46 | 142 ± 46 | 0.02 |
| GA (%) | 16.9 ± 3.3 | 16.6 ± 3.6 | 0.12 |
| 1,5‐AG (μg/mL) | 9.1 ± 6.2 | 8.9 ± 6.5 | 0.55 |
| Mean preprandial SMBG (mg/dL) | 142 ± 44 | 133 ± 38 | 0.02 |
| Mean postprandial SMBG (mg/dL) | 162 ± 51 | 187 ± 50 | <0.001 |
| SD SMBG (mg/dL) | 35 ± 17 | 40 ± 16 | 0.02 |
| CV SMBG (%) | 22.7 ± 7.8 | 24.9 ± 7.5 | 0.08 |
| Insulin (mU/L) | 13.5 ± 11.5 | 14.1 ± 10.4 | 0.55 |
| HOMA‐IR | 3.6 (2.0–6.6) | 3.8 (2.4–7.5) | 0.97 |
| HOMA‐β (%) | 43.6 (25.6–76.7) | 52.0 (34.2–102.9) | 0.002 |
| C‐peptide (ng/mL) | 3.40 ± 2.04 | 3.51 ± 1.81 | 0.54 |
| C‐peptide index | 2.32 ± 1.47 | 2.66 ± 1.68 | 0.04 |
| Proinsulin (pmol/L) | 12.2 ± 13.2 | 11.6 ± 9.0 | 0.59 |
| Proinsulin/insulin ratio | 0.157 ± 0.098 | 0.156 ± 0.091 | 0.88 |
| Glucagon (pg/mL) | 139 ± 27 | 149 ± 37 | 0.01 |
| Weight (kg) | 86.2 ± 28.2 | 86.1 ± 27.9 | 0.66 |
| Hypoglycemia (events per person month) | 0.40 ± 1.03 | 0.04 ± 0.13 | 0.007 |
| DTSQ | |||
| Q2 (hyperglycemia) | 3.1 ± 1.6 | 2.5 ± 1.9 | 0.03 |
| Q3 (hypoglycemia) | 0.8 ± 1.2 | 1.1 ± 1.6 | 0.31 |
| Total score (sum of Q1, 4–8) | 22.8 ± 6.0 | 26.8 ± 7.0 | 0.001 |
Range of each score (minimum to maximum): Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (DTSQ): question 2 (Q2) and question 3 (Q3) 0–6, total score 0–36. 1,5‐AG, 1,5‐anhydro‐D‐glucitol; CV, coefficient of variation; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; GA, glycated albumin; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HOMA‐IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; SD, standard deviation; SMBG, self‐monitoring of blood glucose.