Table 4.

Efficacy percentages in reports of drug resistance in Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica.

Efficacy (%)	TCBZ	ABZ	CLOS	CLORS	RAFOX
91-100
81–90	(R13)S; (R21)C	(R28)C			(R20)C
71–80	(R4)S; (R10)S; (R21)C; (R26)C	(R20)C; (R26)C	(R25)C	(R4)S; (R18)S
61–70	(R6)S; (R13)S; (R16)C	(R5)C; (R18)S; (R27)S			(R5)C
51–60	(R7)S; (R13)S; (R31)C
41–50		(R4)S; (R28)C; (R29)S		(R22)S
31–40	(R2)C; (R8)S; (R12)C; (R13)S; (R14)S; (R17)C; (R24)S
21–30	(R1)S; (R15)S; (R17)S	(R19)S; (R29)S
11–20	(R2)S; (R9)S; (R13)S; (R14)S; (R21)C	(R8)S
0–10	(R2)C; (R3)S; (R11)C; F2 (R13)S; F2 (R16)C; (R23)C; F4 (R24)S; F9 (R30)S	(R8)S; (R12)C; (R22)S; F2 (R29)S	(R25)C

ABZ, albendazole; CLORS, clorsulon; CLOS, closantel; RAFOX, rafoxanide; TCBZ, triclabendazole.

Fⁿ, number of farms involved (NB where F not included, n=1); (Rn), reference number; ^C, cattle; ^S, sheep; %, percentage.

References: R1, Overend and Bowen (1995); R2, Moll et al. (2000); R3. Borgsteede et al. (2005); R4, Álvarez-Sánchez et al. (2006); R5, Elitok et al. (2006); R6, Oliveira et al. (2008); R7, Mooney et al. (2009); R8, Mamani and Condori (2009); R9, Flanagan (2010); R10, Martínez-Valladares et al. (2010); R11, Olaechea et al. (2011); R12, Chávez et al. (2012); R13, Daniel et al. (2012); R14, Gordon et al. (2012b); R15, Hassell and Chapman (2012); R16, Rojas (2012); R17, Ortiz et al. (2013); R18, Robles-Pérez et al. (2013); R19, Sanabria et al. (2013); R20, Shokier et al. (2013); R21, Brockwell et al. (2014); R22, Martínez-Valladares et al. (2014); R23, Elliott et al. (2015); R24, Hanna et al. (2015), McMahon et al. (2016); R25, Novobilský and Höglund (2015); R26, Venturina et al. (2015); R27, Novobilský et al. (2016); R28, Nzalawahe et al. (2018); R29, Ceballos et al. (2019); R30, Kamaludeen et al. (2019); R31, Romero et al. (2019).