. 2019 Nov 26;93(3):399–407. doi: 10.1007/s00420-019-01491-8

Table 1.

Background data and concentrations of particulate matter < 250 nm or respirable aerosol fraction (PM₂₅₀ or PM_Resp), S-nicotine and S-caffeine among 59 metal smelter furnace workers, of whom 37 worked in Plant A and 22 worked in Plant B

	All		Plant A		Plant B
	Mean	Min–max	Mean	Min–max	Mean	Min–max
Male sex (%)^a	92	–	92	–	91	–
Age (years)^b	37	19–64	42	20–64	29	19–54
BMI (kg/m²)^b	26	20–38	26	20–38	26	20–35
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)^c	132	105–159	131	105–152	135	106–159
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)^c	80	62–103	82	62–103	75	65–90
Never-smoker (%)^a	41	–	22	–	73	–
Current smoker (%)^a	29	–	32	–	23	–
Current snuff user (%)^a	36	–	30	–	45	–
Exposure
PM₂₅₀ (mg/m³)^c	0.19	0.004–5.7	0.053	0.004–0.59	1.6	0.17–5.7
PM_Resp (mg/m³)^c	0.58	0.042–27	0.18	0.042–0.57	4.1	1.0–27
Work in furnace hall (years)^b	13	0–40	17	0–40	7	2–27
Day off
S-nicotine (µg/L)^c	21	< DL-103	21	< DL-85	22	< DL-103
S-caffeine (µg/L)^c	800	3.2–10,400	1180	3.2–10,400	420	4.9–6980
Coffee or caffeinated drink use last 6 h (%)^a	49	–	63	–	27	–
Strenuous physical activity last 2 h (%)^a	9	–	12	–	5	–
Time since last meal (h)^b	5	1–24	5	1–18	6	1–24
Working day
S-nicotine (µg/L)^c	24	< DL-121	21	< DL-85	31	< DL-121
S-caffeine (µg/L)^c	1370	< DL-11,300	1390	< DL-11,300	1340	68-10,200
Coffee or caffeinated drink use last 6 h (%)^a	74	–	77	–	68	–
Strenuous physical activity last 2 h (%)^a	24	–	30	–	14	–
Time since last meal (h)^b	4	1–18	4	1–18	5	1–16

BMI body mass index, DL detection limit, S serum

^aPrevalence. Smoker and snuff user categories are not mutually exclusive

^bArithmetic mean (AM)

^cGeometric mean (GM)