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. 2020 Mar 17;10:4908. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-61587-x

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Discriminant validity of 1H-MRS for in vivo muscle carnosine quantification, and convergent validity of 1H-MRS vs. HPLC for muscle carnosine determination. Panel A: Individual (represented in letters) and mean ± SD values for muscle carnosine measured using both methods before and after β-alanine supplementation. Panel B: Absolute (left chart) and relative (right chart) post-pre delta values for muscle carnosine measured using both methods in response to β-alanine supplementation. Panel C: Absolute post-pre delta values obtained using both methods plotted against the identity line (i.e., representing 100% agreement between methods). Panel D: Relative post-pre delta values obtained using both methods plotted against the identity line (i.e., representing 100% agreement between methods). Panel E: Bland-Altman plot for percent differences between methods. Panel F: pooled pre and post data for muscle carnosine values obtained using both methods plotted against the identity line (i.e., representing 100% agreement between methods).