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. 2020 Mar 11;11:120. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00120

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Copyright © 2020 Schneider, Boll, Volman, Roelofs, Spohn, Herpertz and Bertsch.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Reaction times in ms (mean ± standard error) during performance of the approach–avoidance task. (A) Significant group-by-emotion-by-congruency interaction with missing congruency effect for angry faces in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD). (B) Significant substance by congruency interaction with longer reaction times after application of oxytocin than placebo in the incongruent condition over all participants. Factor “IQ” and estradiol and progesterone levels included as covariates. Significant comparisons are marked with an asterisk indicating p < 0.05 at the post-hoc test. OXT, oxytocin; PLA, placebo.