Figure 2.

Fourier transform infrared spectra of TiO₂, chitosan, and chitosan–TiO₂ hybrid composite (a) (the CS–TiO₂ composite was prepared in our laboratory following the methodology of Siripatrawan and Kaewklin [40] by using 1 g chitosan with medium molecular weight (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) dissolved in 1% acetic acid solution, the nano-TiO₂ (previously characterized in reference [14]) was 1% of the total chitosan weight, and 15% of glycerol weight of the total solids), and schematic representation of CS–TiO₂ hybrid composite structure (b).