Table 2.
Baseline and follow‐up comparison between groups (controls and DM1 patients)
| N | Baseline | Follow‐up | Group | Time × group | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | F | p | F | p | ||
| WAIS III | |||||||
| Block design | |||||||
| Control | 54 | 38.78 (13.29) | 36.3 (13.68) | 17.35*** | .00 | 4.25* | .04 |
| DM1 | 73 | 31.1 (11.86) | 25.93 (11.93) | ||||
| Vocabulary | |||||||
| Control | 54 | 41.22 (11.48) | 42.06 (9.49) | 6.65* | .01 | 0.94 | .33 |
| DM1 | 73 | 36.77 (12.09) | 36.56 (11.04) | ||||
| Digit span | |||||||
| Forward | |||||||
| Control | 35 | 8.43 (1.75) | 7.91 (1.94) | 3.90 | .05 | 0.16 | .69 |
| DM1 | 52 | 7.62 (2.12) | 7.27 (1.85) | ||||
| Backward | |||||||
| Control | 35 | 5.97 (1.74) | 5.77 (2.00) | 1.20 | .28 | 0.07 | .79 |
| DM1 | 52 | 5.63 (1.97) | 5.33 (1.74) | ||||
| Total | |||||||
| Control | 35 | 14.4 (3.11) | 13.69 (3.38) | 2.78 | .10 | 0.01 | .92 |
| DM1 | 52 | 13.25 (3.70) | 12.6 (3.25) | ||||
| IQ estimate | |||||||
| Control | 54 | 102.85 (14.74) | 108.18 (13.06) | 21.99*** | .00 | 1.09 | .30 |
| DM1 | 73 | 91.55 (16.59) | 95.26 (14.84) | ||||
| RAVLT | |||||||
| Immediate | |||||||
| Control | 51 | 6.41 (1.96) | 6.12 (1.86) | 0.01 | .98 | 0.01 | .90 |
| DM1 | 75 | 6.44 (2.05) | 6.11 (2.10) | ||||
| Total (1–5) | |||||||
| Control | 51 | 51.33 (9.51) | 48.24 (9.67) | 0.14 | .71 | 0.66 | .42 |
| DM1 | 75 | 50.17 (10.15) | 48.09 (10.93) | ||||
| Delayed | |||||||
| Control | 51 | 10.55 (2.67) | 9.39 (3.03) | 0.01 | .98 | 0.10 | .75 |
| DM1 | 75 | 10.63 (3.01) | 9.33 (3.33) | ||||
| RAVEN | |||||||
| Control | 45 | 46.36 (8.49) | 43.38 (9.92) | 12.50*** | .00 | 0.21 | .64 |
| DM1 | 67 | 39.54 (12.00) | 36.04 (11.36) | ||||
| CALCAP | |||||||
| Simple RT | |||||||
| Control | 38 | 318.68 (54.65) | 393.82 (79.07) | 3.65 | .06 | 0.22 | .64 |
| DM1 | 65 | 340.25 (74.12) | 426.11 (118.22) | ||||
| Election RT | |||||||
| Control | 38 | 438 (92.96) | 486.13 (66.19) | 2.46 | .12 | 0.60 | .44 |
| DM1 | 65 | 467.98 (97.06) | 502.26 (73.61) | ||||
| Sequential 1 RT | |||||||
| Control | 38 | 557.61 (107.91) | 614.21 (100.70) | 3.76 | .05 | 1.27 | .26 |
| DM1 | 65 | 607.26 (116.42) | 643.26 (106.72) | ||||
| Sequential 2 RT | |||||||
| Control | 38 | 649.05 (104.56) | 662.21 (107.87) | 2.28 | .13 | 1.04 | .31 |
| DM1 | 65 | 667.74 (137.2) | 705.43 (104.52) | ||||
| ROCF | |||||||
| Copy | |||||||
| Control | 50 | 31.13 (4.4) | 32.79 (3.83) | 6.96** | .01 | 14.64*** | .00 |
| DM1 | 74 | 30.12 (5.31) | 28.96 (6.76) | ||||
| Delayed recall | |||||||
| Control | 49 | 17.15 (5.94) | 19.11 (5.03) | 2.01 | .16 | 9.74** | .00 |
| DM1 | 74 | 17.34 (6.62) | 15.99 (6.95) | ||||
| FLUENCY | |||||||
| Semantic | |||||||
| Control | 50 | 24.16 (5.90) | 23.12 (5.78) | 2.08 | .15 | 0.05 | .82 |
| DM1 | 74 | 22.85 (6.23) | 21.55 (6.69) | ||||
| Phonetic | |||||||
| Control | 50 | 16.06 (6.57) | 15.50 (4.82) | 0.38 | .54 | 1.15 | .29 |
| DM1 | 74 | 15.03 (5.50) | 15.38 (5.59) | ||||
| STROOP | |||||||
| Word | |||||||
| Control | 48 | 108.52 (17.40) | 109.92 (18.59) | 12.13*** | .00 | 3.63 | .06 |
| DM1 | 71 | 99.63 (16.91) | 96.94 (18.20) | ||||
| Colour | |||||||
| Control | 48 | 72.02 (12.70) | 72.50 (12.21) | 10.03** | .00 | 1.35 | .25 |
| DM1 | 70 | 65.76 (13.55) | 64.27 (13.20) | ||||
| Word‐Colour | |||||||
| Control | 48 | 45.40 (10.75) | 44.98 (10.22) | 16.31*** | .00 | 0.01 | .95 |
| DM1 | 70 | 37.86 (10.90) | 37.34 (11.53) | ||||
| Interference | |||||||
| Control | 48 | 2.27 (6.84) | 1.46 (6.47) | 6.83* | .01 | 0.74 | .39 |
| DM1 | 70 | −1.56 (8.64) | −1.06 (7.89) | ||||
CALCAP = California Computerized Assessment Package; DM1 = myotonic dystrophy type 1; IQ = Intelligence Quotient; RAVLT = Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test; ROCF = Rey–Osterrieth complex figure; SD = standard deviation; WAIS III = Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale III.
*p < .05; **p < .01; ***p < .001.