Table 7.

Effect Measures for Time‐to‐Event Analysis

Measure	Definition		Ref.	No.
Hazard ratio	$\frac{\lambda \left(t|{\mathtt{X}}_1\right)}{\lambda \left(t|{\mathtt{X}}_0\right)},$	$\lambda \left(t|{\mathtt{X}}_k\right)=-\frac{d\ln \left(S\left(t|{\mathtt{X}}_k\right)\right)}{\mathit{dt}}=\frac{f\left(t|{\mathtt{X}}_k\right)}{S\left(t|{\mathtt{X}}_k\right)}$	14, 15	7.1
Odds ratio	$\frac{O\left(t|{\mathtt{X}}_1\right)}{O\left(t|{\mathtt{X}}_0\right)},$	$O\left(t|{\mathtt{X}}_k\right)=\frac{1-S\left(t|{\mathtt{X}}_k\right)}{S\left(t|{\mathtt{X}}_k\right)}$	27	7.2
RMSTD(t*)	RMST1(t*) − RMST0(t*),	$\text{RMST}\left(t^{*}\right)={\int }_0^{t^{*}}{S}_k\left(t\right)\mathit{dt}$	100, 102	7.3
Percentile Ratio	$q_k=\frac{k^{\mathrm{th}}\text{percentileofdistforgroupA}}{k^{\mathrm{th}}\text{percentileofdistforgroupB}}$		103	7.4

RMST = Restricted Mean Survival Time, D = Difference.