Table 1.
Colonizing Opportunistic Pathogens (COPs)
| Pathogen | Colonization site | Are colonizing populations a source of future infections within a patient? | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|
| Candida albicans | GI tract, mucosal surfaces | Yes | [42] |
| Enterobacter spp. | GI tract | Yes | [49] |
| Enterococcus spp. | GI tract | Yes | [43] |
| Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) | GI tract | Yes | [40] |
| Haemophilus influenzae | Respiratory tract | Yes | [44] |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | GI tract, throat, nasal cavity | Yes | [35,36] |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | GI tract, skin | Yes, but environmental reservoirs are likely more important | [50,51] |
| Staphylococcus aureus | GI tract, nasal cavity, skin | Yes | [38,39,41] |
| Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) | Skin, mucosal surfaces | Yes | [52] |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | Upper respiratory tract | Yes | [33] |