Table 2.

Univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis of clinical and pathological characteristics.

	Overall survival			Cancer-specific survival
	HR	95% CI	P value	HR	95% CI	P value
Gender
Male	1			1
Female	0.576	0.214–1.553	0.275	1.041	0.260–4.162	0.955
Age (years)
<60	1			1
≥60	6.763	2.299–19.891	<0.001	11.363	1.421–90.865	0.022
Histologic subtype
Clear cell RCC	1			1
Non-clear-cell RCC	0.425	0.057–3.159	0.403	1.137	0.142–9.105	0.904
Multiple primary neoplasms
No	1			1
Yes	9.398	4.116–21.460	<0.001	6.549	1.637–26.192	0.008
Type of surgery
Partial nephrectomy	1			1
Radical nephrectomy	1.904	0.704–5.148	0.205	1.911	0.394–9.269	0.421
Surgical approach
Laparoscopic surgery	1			1
Open surgery	1.676	0.718–3.913	0.232	1.096	0.261–4.602	0.900
IFN-α/IL-2 therapy
No	1			1
Yes	1.495	0.624–3.583	0.368	1.445	0.353–5.922	0.609
NLR
<1.97	1			1
≥1.97	4.164	1.545–11.226	0.005	3.950	0.819–19.050	0.087

Abbreviation: NLR, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. HR, hazard ratio. CI, confidence interval.