Figure 3.

Effects of TRAP1 on mitochondrial morphology and dysfunction in NRK-52e cells after high-glucose injury. (a) Mitochondrial morphology was observed by TEM. Arrows indicate mitochondria; scale bar, 500 nm. (b) ATP depletion was measured using firefly luciferase. (c, d) Representative plots of MMP and statistical analyses were determined by flow cytometric analysis of tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester-labeled NRK-52e cells. (e, f) Representative plots and statistical analysis of intracellular ROS in cells labeled with the fluorescent probe CellROX Deep Red and analyzed by flow cytometry. (g, h) Typical fluorescence photomicrograph and quantitative analysis of mitochondrial superoxide (red: MitoSox; blue: DAPI); scale bar, 50 μm. ROS: reactive oxygen species. The results are presented as the mean ± SEM; n = 3, ^∗p < 0.05, ^∗∗p < 0.01, and ^∗∗∗p < 0.001 for each pair of groups indicated.