Table 1.
Comparison of clinical and serological characteristics for gastric cancer (GC) patients with and with no autoimmune gastritis (AIG).
| Parameter | AIG | No AIG | p-value | OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 28 | 56 | – | – |
| Age at GC diagnosis ± SD (range) | 67 ± 9 (58–76) | 67 ± 9 (58–76) | – | – |
| Sex w:m (%) | 1.3:1 | 1.3:1 | – | – |
| Helicobacter pylori-positive (%) (from histology and/or from patient history) | 10 (35) | 43 (77) | 0.0002 | 6.0 (2.2–16.0) |
| Active H. pylori gastritis (%) | 4 (14) | 18 (32) | 0.079 | 2.8 (0.86–9.4) |
| Successful H. pylori eradication (%) | 6 (21) | 25 (45) | 0.038 | 3.1 (1.1–9.7) |
| CagA-positive (%) | 6 (21) | 9 (17) | 0.546 | 1.42 (0.5–4.5) |
| H. pylori-positive: total (%) (CagA and/or histology and/or from patient history) | 14 (50) | 43 (77) | 0.013 | 3.3 (1.3–8.7) |
| Localization: proximal (%)a | 20 (71) | 27 (48) | 0.043 | 2.7 (1.0–7.1) |
| NET/ECL cell hyperplasia | 2 (7) | 0 (0) | – | 20.8 (1.1–401.2) |
| Pernicious anemia (%) | 8 (29) | 1 (2) | 0.0002 | 22.0 (2.6–187.2) |
| Iron-deficiency anemia (%) | 9 (32) | 10 (18) | 0.140 | 0.5 (0.2–1.3) |
| Laurén classification: intestinal (%) | 15 (54) | 28 (50) | 0.758 | 1.2 (0.5–2.9) |
| Seropositivity (%)b | 8/28 (28) | 0/56 (0) | – | 26.5 (5.7–123.0) |
| APCA (%) | 6 (21) | 0 (0) | – | 24.3 (4.2–140.2) |
| AIFA (%) | 2 (7) | 0 (0) | – | 21.0 (1.1–401.2) |
| Seropositivity (%)c | 8/8 (100) | 0/16 (0) | – | 74.6 (12.8–434.8) |
| APCA (%) | 6 (75) | 0 (0) | – | 46.2 (6.8–314.8) |
| AIFA (%) | 2 (25) | 0 (0) | – | 23.0 (1.1–465.2) |
| Autoimmune diseases: any disease (%) | 7 (25) | 2 (4) | 0.003 | 9.0 (1.7–46.9) |
| Autoimmune thyroid disease (%) | 4 (14) | 0 (0) | – | 22.5 (2.7–186.8) |
| Rheumatoid disease (%) | 3 (11) | 2 (4) | 0.192 | 3.2 (0.5–20.6) |
a
Localized in esophagogastric junction (EGJ), fundus or corpus.
b
N = 15/28 patients received gastrectomy with possible seroconversion, N = 5/28 patients with negative serology for anti-parietal cell-antibody (APCA) and anti-intrinsic factor-antibody (AIFA).
c
Subgroup analysis: N = 8/8 patients with positive serology for APCA and AIFA.
p-values ≤ 0.05 (bold) are statistically significant (X2 test).
CI: confidence interval; OR: odds ratio; SD: standard deviation; ECL: enterochromaffin-like cells; NET: neuroendocrine tumor; CagA: cytotoxin-associated gene A protein.