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. 2020 Mar 17;10:42. doi: 10.1186/s13578-020-00387-2

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 4 — Dynorphin activation of KOR promoted microglial M2 polarization in LPS-stimulated BV-2 microglial cells. a qRT-PCR analysis of PDYN mRNA expression and b western blot analysis of PDYN protein level in BV-2 microglial cells stimulated without or with LPS (1 µg/mL, 24 h). c Determination of CD16/32 and CD206 expression by flow cytometry and d levels of M1-related cytokines (IL-1β and IL-6) and M2-related cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) by ELISA in BV-2 cells in the groups of Control, LPS, LPS + Dyn-A, LPS + GNT1, and LPS + Dyn-A + GNT1. N = 3. Dyn-A, Dynorphin-A. **p < 0.01, vs. Control group, ^#p < 0.05, ^##p < 0.01, vs. LPS group; ^&p < 0.05, ^&&p < 0.01, vs. LPS + Dyn-A group