Table 2.
Logistic regression model of association between socio-economic characteristics and Domestic Violence among reproductive women aged 15–49 in Zimbabwe, 2015
| Variable | Crude | Adjusted | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | CI (95%) | p | AOR | CI (95%) | p | |
| Agea(Ref = 15–19) | ||||||
| 20–29 | 1.01 | (0.76–1.35) | 0.928 | 0.79 | (0.45–1.39) | 0.413 |
| 30–39 | 0.91 | (0.68–1.21) | 0.506 | 0.65 | (0.36–1.17) | 0.151 |
| 40–49 | 0.64 | (0.47–0.87) | 0.005 | 0.44 | (0.24–0.83) | 0.011 |
| Residence (Ref = Urban) | ||||||
| Rural | 1 | (0.89–1.13) | 0.949 | 0.85 | (0.63–1.15) | 0.294 |
| Highest education level (Ref = No Education) | ||||||
| Primary | 1.08 | (0.62–1.88) | 0.774 | 0.87 | (0.34–2.23) | 0.773 |
| Secondary | 1.03 | (0.60–1.78) | 0.904 | 0.94 | (0.37–2.42) | 0.903 |
| Higher | 0.56 | (0.31–1.01) | 0.055 | 0.66 | (0.24–1.79) | 0.415 |
| Wealth indexa(Ref = Poorest) | ||||||
| Middle | 0.98 | (0.81–1.17) | 0.788 | 0.99 | (0.73–1.33) | 0.934 |
| Rich | 0.9 | (0.79–1.03) | 0.134 | 0.78 | (0.55–1.12) | 0.176 |
| Religiona(Ref = No religion) | ||||||
| Christians | 0.55 | (0.43–0.72) | < 0.001 | 0.67 | (0.43–1.05) | 0.08 |
| Muslim | 0.65 | (0.21–2.00) | 0.457 | 0.76 | (0.13–4.39) | 0.764 |
| Traditional | 0.23 | (0.09–0.59) | 0.002 | 0.4 | (0.10–1.52) | 0.177 |
| Others | 0.19 | (0.02–1.73) | 0.141 | – | – | – |
| Smokinga(Ref = No) | ||||||
| Yes | 1.49 | (0.61–3.68) | 3.383 | 0.94 | (0.29–3.04) | 0.923 |
| Respondent currently working (Ref = No) | ||||||
| Yes | 1.8 | (1.49–2.19) | < 0.001 | 1.27 | (1.00–1.61) | 0.047 |
| Respondent drinking alcohol (Ref = No) | ||||||
| Yes | 1.8 | (1.49–2.19) | < 0.001 | 1.45 | (1.09–1.92) | 0.001 |
| Husband/partner’s educational level (Ref = No education) | ||||||
| Primary | 1.42 | (0.82–2.44) | 0.207 | 1.57 | (0.52–4.72) | 0.421 |
| secondary | 1.29 | (0.76–2.21) | 0.342 | 1.39 | (0.47–4.13) | 0.555 |
| Higher | 0.82 | (0.47–1.43) | 0.484 | 1.07 | (0.35–3.30) | 0.907 |
| Don’t know | 1.5 | (0.71–3.19) | 0.291 | 1.4 | (0.37–5.34) | 0.618 |
| Partners occupationa(Ref = Not working) | ||||||
| Agricultural | 1.44 | (1.14–1.82) | 0.002 | 0.98 | (0.65–1.48) | 0.919 |
| Non Agricultural | 1.12 | (0.94–1.34) | 0.188 | 0.88 | (0.62–1.26) | 0.5 |
| Women empowermenta(Ref = No) | ||||||
| Yes | 0.83 | (0.34–2.00) | 0.675 | 0.71 | (0.28–1.76) | 0.456 |
| Father beat mother (Ref = No) | ||||||
| Yes | 1.91 | (1.69–2.17) | < 0.001 | 1.77 | (1.47–2.14) | < 0.001 |
| Paritya(Ref = None) | ||||||
| 1–2 | 1.3 | (0.96–1.75) | 0.086 | 1.29 | (0.80–2.09) | 0.295 |
| 3–4 | 1.33 | (0.98–1.79) | 0.064 | 1.53 | (0.93–2.50) | 0.093 |
| 5+ | 1.36 | (0.98–1.90) | 0.068 | 1.82 | (1.03–3.22) | 0.038 |
| Media exposurea(Ref = No) | ||||||
| Yes | 1.2 | (1.03–1.38) | 0.015 | 1.28 | (0.97–1.69) | 0.087 |
| Partners drinking alcohol (Ref = No) | ||||||
| Yes | 2.14 | (1.90–2.42) | < 0.001 | 2.12 | (1.76–2.55) | < 0.001 |
| Age differencea(Ref = women same age or older than man) | ||||||
| Man older by 5 years | 1.15 | (0.91–1.47) | 0.212 | 1.36 | (0.95–1.95) | 0.212 |
| Man older by 10 years | 1.09 | (0.85–1.39) | 0.514 | 1.25 | (0.86–1.81) | 0.244 |
| Man older by more than 10 years | 1.04 | (0.80–1.36) | 0.765 | 1.1 | (0.73–1.65) | 0.642 |
| Number of other Wivesa(Ref = monogamy) | ||||||
| Polygamy | 1.63 | (1.33–2.01) | < 0.001 | 1.94 | (1.42–2.65) | < 0.001 |
aRe-categorized
OR refers to Odd Ratio; AOR refers to Adjusted Odd Ratio; CI refers Confidence Interval and p refers to the p-value at p = 0.05