Table 3.

Odds ratios of having plaques at the 5th survey (2001) among participants without plaques at the baseline 4th survey (1994–95), by adiposity at the 4th survey (incident plaque when plaque is absent at the 4th survey) (n = 2337)

	Model 1 OR (95%CI)	p-value	Model 2 OR (95%CI)	p-value	Model 3 OR (95%CI)	p-value
BMI (per 1 SD)	0.98 (0.89, 1.08)	0.75	1.03 (0.93, 1.13)	0.60	0.94 (0.85, 1.05)	0.29
WC (per 1 SD)	1.01 (0.92, 1.11)	0.87	1.04 (0.94, 1.15)	0.44	0.96 (0.86, 1.07)	0.49
WHR (per 1 SD)	1.06 (0.96, 1.16)	0.24	1.06 (0.97, 1.17)	0.20	1.01 (0.92, 1.12)	0.77
WHtR (per 1 SD)	1.04 (0.94, 1.14)	0.49	1.07 (0.96, 1.18)	0.21	0.98 (0.87, 1.09)	0.68

BMI body mass index, WC waist circumference, WHR waist-to-hip ratio, WHtR waist-to-height ratio, OR odds ratio, 95% CI 95% confidence interval, SD standard deviation, Model 1: adjusted for age and sex, Model 2: adjust for variables in Model 1 plus other confounders (smoking, physical activity and education), Model 3: adjusted for variables in Model 2 and mediators (systolic blood pressure, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, glycated haemoglobin, diabetes, lipid and blood pressure-lowering drug)