Table 3.
Age- and multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios for all-cause and disease-specific mortality according to migraine subtypes or non-migraine headache status (N = 27,844)
| Migraine or headache status: | No history, (N = 18,691) | Non-migraine headache, (N = 4025) | Migraine with aura, (N = 1435) | Migraine without aura, (N = 2175) | Past history of migraine, (N = 1518) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR -ref- | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | |
| All-cause death,N | 3614 | 641 | 198 | 253 | 306 |
| Age-adjusteda | 1 (ref) | 1.04 (0.96–1.13) | 0.96 (0.83–1.11) | 0.86 (0.76–0.98) | 1.02 (0.91–1.15) |
| MV-adjustedb | 1 (ref) | 1.01 (0.93–1.10) | 0.99 (0.85–1.14) | 0.91 (0.80–1.03) | 1.00 (0.88–1.12) |
| Cardiovascular death,N | 281 | 46 | 22 | 12 | 25 |
| Age-adjusteda | 1 (ref) | 1.08 (0.79–1.47) | 1.55 (1.00–2.39) | 0.64 (0.36–1.14) | 1.08 (0.72–1.63) |
| MV-adjustedb | 1 (ref) | 0.99 (0.72–1.35) | 1.64 (1.06–2.54) | 0.68 (0.38–1.22) | 1.03 (0.68–1.55) |
| Cancer death,N | 861 | 164 | 48 | 85 | 66 |
| Age-adjusteda | 1 (ref) | 1.01 (0.86–1.20) | 0.86 (0.64–1.15) | 1.04 (0.83–1.30) | 0.94 (0.73–1.20) |
| MV-adjustedb | 1 (ref) | 1.02 (0.86–1.21) | 0.89 (0.67–1.19) | 1.09 (0.87–1.37) | 0.93 (0.72–1.19) |
| Female-specific cancercdeath,N | 248 | 41 | 12 | 26 | 15 |
| Age-adjusteda | 1 (ref) | 0.86 (0.61–1.19) | 0.72 (0.40–1.29) | 1.05 (0.70–1.58) | 0.74 (0.44–1.25) |
| MV-adjustedb | 1 (ref) | 0.87 (0.62–1.21) | 0.74 (0.41–1.32) | 1.08 (0.72–1.62) | 0.75 (0.45–1.27) |
Abbreviations: HR Hazard ratio, CI Confidence interval, ref, reference category; MV-adjusted, multivariable-adjusted
aAdjusted for age at baseline
bAdjusted for the following variables measured at baseline: age, BMI, total cholesterol, smoking, alcohol use, physical activity, diabetes, hypertension, family history of myocardial infarction, and family history of cancer
cIncludes breast cancer, cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer, and uterine cancer