Table 3.

Hierarchical Linear Modeling Results for Rereading Time (Milliseconds) as a Function of Students’ Grade Level, Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary, and Reading Comprehension by Item Type Interaction

Fixed Effect	Coefficient	Standard Error	t-ratio	Approx. d.f.	p-value
Word vs. Non-word Task
For Word targets, ψ0
Fitted mean, γ00	210.721	71.522	2.946	119	0.004
Grade level, γ01	−23.744	18.176	−1.306	119	0.194
Reading comprehension, γ02	0.097	0.331	0.292	119	0.771
Vocabulary, γ03	−0.062	0.422	−0.146	119	0.884
For Non-word targets, ψ1
Item type, γ10	184.042	17.311	10.632	2266	<0.001
RC x item type, γ11	0.915	0.398	2.299	2266	0.022
Plausible vs. Implausible Task
For Plausible targets, ψ0
Fitted mean, γ00	101.346	29.247	3.465	119	<0.001
Grade level, γ01	−10.162	7.049	−1.442	119	0.152
Reading comprehension, γ02	0.024	0.204	0.115	119	0.908
Vocabulary, γ03	−0.236	0.213	−1.108	119	0.270
For Implausible targets, ψ1
Item type, γ10	33.793	8.544	3.955	2318	<0.001
RC x item type, γ11	0.569	0.174	3.270	2318	0.001
Random Effect	Standard Deviation	Variance Component	d.f.	χ2	p-value
Word vs. Non-word Task
Intercept, u0	133.563	17839.055	119	430.312	<0.001
level-1, e	360.234	129768.293
Plausible vs. Implausible Task
Intercept, u0	58.875	3466.294	119	311.791	<0.001
level-1, e	205.009	42028.487

Note. RC stands for reading comprehension.

Rereading Time _mj = γ₀₀ + γ₀₁*(Grade level)_j + γ₀₂*(Comprehension)_j + γ₀₃*(Vocabulary)_j + γ₁₀*(item type)_mj + γ₁₁(Reading Comprehension)_j (Item type)_mj + u_0j + e_mj