Wilson 2001.

Methods	STUDY DESIGN: Parallel design, controlled trial LOCATION, NUMBER OF CENTRES: 1 ‐ USA Valley Children's Hospital, California DURATION OF STUDY: 12 months No blinding of outcomes from assessors
Participants	N SCREENED: 867 families contacted N RANDOMISED: 87 (44 intervention, 43 control) N COMPLETED: 60 (intervention: 32 of 44 attended all 3 sessions, 2 x 2 sessions, 5 x 1 session, 5 x 0 sessions) M = 44 F = 43 MEAN AGE: 7.2 intervention, 7.5 control BASELINE DETAILS: family demographics, asthma hx, current symptoms, activity limitations, environmental triggers, medications, detailed smoking hx (what, how much, degree of exposure, limitations to smoking around the child) INCLUSION CRITERIA: 3 to 12 years, seen for urgent asthma visit in ED/urgent clinic (PedsPlus) and/or hospital in past 12 months, Medicaid eligible, exposed to ETS, spoke English/Spanish EXCLUSION: Not stated
Interventions	EDUCATION GROUP: Counselling to parents in home where children were exposed to environmental tobacco smoke. 3 behaviourally based education sessions on effects of smoking on asthma & strategies to quit/reduce ETS exposure. Examination/asthma hx & PFT review by pulmonologist. Medications altered to reach national guidelines. Urine cotinine at baseline & 12 months. Pre & post‐bronchodilator PFT at baseline & 12 months. Setting: Clinic CONTROL GROUP: Examination/asthma hx & PFT review by pulmonologist. Medications altered to reach national guidelines. Urine cotinine at baseline & 12 months. Pre & post‐bronchodilator PFT at baseline & 12 months. Basic verbal information about asthma. TRETAMENT PERIOD: 5 weeks (3 sessions) FOLLOW‐UP PERIOD: 12 months
Outcomes	Emergency/urgent health care utilisation for asthma, ETS exposure by CCR (urine cotinine/creatinine ratio)
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Adequate sequence generation?	Unclear risk	Randomisation in blocks of 4
Allocation concealment?	Unclear risk	Information not available
Incomplete outcome data addressed? All outcomes	Low risk	All participants passively observed through their medical records for hospital contact outcomes

In all studies numbers refer to intervention and control groups, respectively; ARP = asthma risk profile; ATS ‐ American Thoracic Society; ED ‐ Emergency Department; ETS: Envinronmental tobacco smoke; GP ‐ General Practitioner; HMO ‐ Health Maintenance Organisation; hx = history; ITT = intention‐to‐treat; PEF ‐ Peak Expiratory Flow; PCP = primary care provider; QOL = quality of life; RCT ‐ Randomised Controlled Trial; SD ‐ Standard Deviation; SE ‐ Standard Error